~~Not all pets can handle certain foods as easily as we do, and both type and quantities of foods that are acceptable for an adult human could be damaging in different species (dogs versus cats) or even different ages of pets within the same species. Metabolism of small animals is both unique and variable between different species. Caution and consultation with a veterinarian should be undertaken if you were contemplating pet usage of any over the counter medication or in the event of accidental exposure.
Here are a few foods to avoid:
Salt – Ingestion of salt typically occurs via ingestion of prepared commercial foods. Ingestion of sufficient amounts of salt will lead to increased water ingestion and rapid expansion of the blood volume space. In an animal with heart problems, this will lead to volume overload and fluid accumulation in the lungs. Sodium itself could also result in signs such as vomiting, diarrhea, depression, tremors, elevation of body temperatures, seizures and death.
Avocado – the leaves, fruit, seeds and bark of avocados contains a chemical compound called Persin which can cause vomiting and diarrhea in dogs. In certain exotic animals and birds, congestion, breathing difficulties and fluid accumulation around the heart may occur.
Yeast dough – ingestion of yeast can lead to expansion of the dough as well as the formation of gases once ingested. Depending on the amount ingested, the gas that is formed will cause abdominal pain/cramps/discomfort and could potentially cause a hollow internal organ to burst. It is best avoided as a food or treat source.
Raw or undercooked meat/ eggs /bones – raw meats and eggs may harbor Salmonella bacteria which could cause diarrhea and illness characterized by fever and septicemia. Raw eggs contain an enzyme called avidin which retards the absorption of a B vitamin called biotin. Biotin is necessary for proper skin and hair coat development. Avidin is inactivated by heat. Depending on the type and hardness of bones, bone chewing could result in dental fractures. If a chewed bone were to splinter, the bone fragments could mechanically injure the bowel and lead to vomiting and diarrhea. Occasionally an ingested bone could become lodged in a part of the gastrointestinal tract and cause an obstructive disease.